Hands on fire

Aim:
I want to Safely Light my hands on Fire

Method:

  Equipment

- Detergent  

- A Lighter

- Safety Glasses

- Gas 

- Tray

- Hose

Instructions

1. Collect  your equipment

2. Put some water in the tray

3. Put some detergent into the water

4. Put safety glasses on

5.Tie up any loose hair

6. Take off any accessories on hands and arms

7. Wet hands, wrists, and arms up to your elbows

8. Bubble the gas into the water

9. Scoop the bubbles but don't touch the water

10. Keep your hands with the bubbles straight in front of you away from your face and your arms straight

11. Light the Bubbles on Fire with lighter

12. To get rid of the fire move both your hands facing outwards still straight in front of you

   

Results:

After following the instructions Mr. Stock lighted the kids hands on fire, them all being safe, as a fire light upon their out stretched hands, after a second, out of shock they quickly put their hands in front of them, the fire disappearing, a smile laid on the kids faces, wanting to do it again.

Colourful Skittles

 Aim:

I want to find out what happens when you mix Skittles colours.

Method:

Equipment

- Skittles

- Petri Dish

- Warm Water

- Beaker 

- White Background

Instructions

1. Get your Equipment

2. Place Petri dish on the white background

3. Put your Skittles around the inside edges of the petri dish

4. Pour warm water gently into the middle of the petri dish

5. Observe what happens

Prediction: 

I think that the Skittles will get all the colour drained (become white).

Results and Conclusion

When the water was poured the colours started fading on the underneath and the colours drifting to the middle slowly.

Discussion;

1. The colours dissolved into the water  

(When a solid is mixed into a liquid, creating a solution)

Why did the colours spread?

The food colouring and sugar peels off staining the water, 

when you pour warm water over it the colour go along with the water

then spreading through the water into the middle till all the water is coloured)

Once the colours dissolved into the liquid

the high concentration of colour moved into the middle where there

was a low concentration of colour this is called diffusion

What is a Base?

 pH means potential/power of Hydrogen

The strength of an Acid is measured on the pH scale, it starts from 0, to 14.
If the water turns-

-Red it is 0-1 on the pH scale
-Orange it is 2-3 on the pH scale
-Yellow it is 4-6 on the pH scale
-Green it is 7 on the pH scale
-Blue it is 8-9 on the pH scale
-Indigo it is 10-11 on the pH scale
-Violet it is 13-14 on the pH scale

As you can tell it is all the colours of the rainbow
Adding a few drops of Acid makes it from 0-6 depending on how much you add 
Adding a couple drops of Base makes it go between 8-14 depending on how much you add
having it balanced in the middle makes it green, the number 7, on the pH scale, also meaning its just plain water, 

How it works is the acid and the base balance each other out, meaning they both are basically not even in the water.

Also to make it work put green food colour into the water making it plain green water, also when you add the acid or base, stir it, but don't use something that can change the outcome, r that the acid or base will harm.

pH is the log, or the hydrogen concentration, log is a mathematical term for counting how many decimals there are in a number.

Any Base is the polar opposite chemical of any Acid.

A Base contains hydroxide as an Acid contains Hydrogen.

adding the same amount of Acid and Base makes them cancel each other out, where as if there is more acid, the acid will take over, and vice versa.

H (Acid) -OH (Base)

An Acid and a Base neutralises the chemicals creating HOH or Water (H2O) 

Conclusion

A base can be different things in chemistry, more known as a chemical, that changes most things colour, like it can change plain green water, to a cyan, deep blue, indigo, or violet, and can change red litmus paper to blue, It's also known as an polar opposite of the other chemical, Acid.

What is Acid?

Names of Acid
Hydrochloric Acid
Sulfuric Acid
Nitric Acid
Phosphoric Acid
Acetic Acid
Citric Acid
Formic Acid
Tartaric Acid 

Formulae of Acids
HCl (L not I)
H₂SO₄
HNO₃
H₃PO₄
CH₃COOH

Formic Acid = The poison bee sting (The only way to get the Acid out is toothpaste, put Vinegar on Wasp Sting)

Where do you find Acid?
Plaque Acid on your Teeth (Toothpaste can help)
Stomach Acid (Hydrochloric Acid)
Battery Acid (Sulfuric Acid)
Lemon and Orange Acid (Citric Acid)
Vinegar (Acetic Acid)
Bee-String (Formic Acid)
Coca Cola (Carbonic Acid)

What is Acid?
An Acid is a chemical that contains Hydrogen Atoms that break off to react with different substance's.

Litmus Paper changes colour in Acid, Blue litmus paper changes to red, red litmus paper doesn't change in Acid, so if you put red litmus paper in acid it doesn't change.

Red Cabbage Indicator

 

Aim;
I want to find out how to tell if something is an acid.

Method;

Equipment;

- Beaker 
- Red cabbage
-Boiling water
-Test Tubes
- Hydrochloride Acid and Hydroxide
- Dropper

Instructions
1.  Collect and set up Equipment
2. tear the Red Cabbage into small pieces and put in beaker
3. Pour 100mm of the freshly boiled water into the beaker.
4. Add 2cm of the acid to one of the end tubes, the big one and 2cm of the Hydroxide to the other
5. Add the Red Cabbage water into the two tubes using the dropper
6. Watch the colours and mix them seeing what colours you can make.

Results;

The mix made multiple different colours, we could even layer colours on top of one another, with only the two main colours, yellow and pink, we made purple, blue, a brighter pink, a greenish blue, and green. The colours were nice to watch mix.

Homemade Sherbet

 Aim; I want to find out how to make sherbet

Research; 

Method;

Equipment; 

- Cup

- Baking Powder

- Citric Acid

- Sugar or Raro

- Popsicle stick

-Teaspoon

Instructions;

1. Get your equipment

2.  Add a teaspoon of raro/sugar into the cup

3. Add half a teaspoon of baking powder into the cup

4. Add half a teaspoon of citric acid into the cup 

5. mix the substance with the Popsicle stick

6. Taste the homemade substance, adjusting only if you need it

-baking powder to balance the citric acid and vice versa-

Results;

Once mine went in my mouth it gave a small sting in my mouth and nose before calming and tasting nice and sweet with a small amount of foam, the reason it foamed was because the gas carbon dioxide was made in my mouth by the powders as they mixed along with my saliva.

Discussion;

Citric Acid + Sodium bicarbonate --> Carbon Dioxide

or

C6H8O7 + NaHCO3 --> CO2

Making ginger beer

 Making ginger beer

Aim; To find out how to make ginger beer

Research; 

Funny Video;

How to video; 

How yeast ferments video;

Method;

Equipment;

• Yeast
• Sugar
• Ginger
• Lemon Juice
• Popsicle Stick
• Plastic cup
• Paper funnel
• Lukewarm water

Instructions; 

1. Collect equipment 
2. get funnel and put a tea spoon of yeast in the plastic cup
3. do the same thing with two teaspoon of sugar
4. put lukewarm into in the cup 180 ML
5. stir slightly with the Popsicle stick
6. put a few quirts of lemon juice into the cup
7. continue stirring lightly with the Popsicle stick
8. put a little bit of ginger onto the paper and pour half in.
9. as one more tablespoon of sugar
10. stir lightly with the Popsicle stick
11. taste it, add more sugar or ginger if you think it need more, but only if you think it needs it.
12. leave it for 24 hours or more before tasting.

Results;

once i tasted it it tasted like a lot of ginger mixed with some water to lighten the taste and a hint of sugar, you can't really tell there is Lemon juice, but better than yesterday, the smell is very strong and hard to avoid 

The photo is quite darker than it really is, its like when you go to a river with foggy water with a hint of yellow and orange in it, and ginger stuff if floating around the edges.

Conclusion;

I can conclude that over night the taste of ginger mixes with the sugar and water making the ginger less strong but the strong smell of ginger stays the same, it also is quite easy to make.